原文

公有领域

其政悶悶,其民淳淳;
其政察察,其民缺缺。
禍兮福之所倚,福兮禍之所伏。孰知其極?其無正。
正復為奇,
善復為妖。
人之迷,其日固久。
是以聖人方而不割,
廉而不劌,
直而不肆,
光而不燿。

王弼注

待校读

言善治政者,無形無名,無事無政可舉,悶悶然,卒至於大治,故曰,其政悶悶也。其民無所爭競,寬大淳淳,故曰,其民淳淳也。
立刑名,明賞罰,以檢姦偽,故曰察察也。殊類分析,民懷爭競,故曰,其民缺缺也。
言誰知善治之極乎!唯無可正舉,無可形名,悶悶然而天下大化,是其極也。
以正治國,則便復以奇用兵矣。故曰,正復為奇。
立善以和萬物,則便復有妖之患也。
言人之迷惑失道,固久矣。不可便正善治以責。
以方導物,舍去其邪,不以方割物,所謂大方無隅。
廉,清廉也;劌,傷也。以清廉清民,令去其邪,令去其汙,不以清廉劌傷於物也。
以直導物,令去其僻,而不以直激沸於物也。所謂大直若屈也。
以光鑑其所以迷,不以光照求其隱慝也,所謂明道若昧也,此皆崇本以息末,不攻而使復之也。

河上公章句

待校读

其政教寬大,悶悶昧昧,似若不明也。
政教寬大,故民醇醇富厚,相親睦也。
其政教急疾,言決於口,聽決於耳也。
政教急疾。民不聊生。故缺缺日以踈薄。
倚,因也。夫福因禍而生,人遭禍而能悔過責己,修道行善,則禍去福來。
禍伏匿於福中,人得福而為驕恣,則福去禍來。
禍福更相生,誰能知其窮極時。
無,不也。謂人君不正其身,其無國也。
奇,詐也。人君不正,下雖正,復化上為詐也。
善人皆復化上為訞祥也。
言人君迷惑失正以來,其日已固久。
聖人行方正者,欲以率下,不以割截人也。
聖人廉清,欲以化民,不以傷害人也。今則不然,正己以害人也。
肆,申也。聖人雖直,曲己從人,不自申也。
聖人雖有獨見之明,當如闇昧,不以曜亂人也。

Legge 1891

Public domain

The government that seems the most unwise, Oft goodness to the people best supplies; That which is meddling, touching everything, Will work but ill, and disappointment bring. Misery!--happiness is to be found by its side! Happiness!--misery
lurks beneath it! Who knows what either will come to in the end?
Shall we then dispense with correction? The (method of) correction
shall by a turn become distortion, and the good in it shall by a turn
become evil. The delusion of the people (on this point) has indeed
subsisted for a long time.
Therefore the sage is (like) a square which cuts no one (with its
angles); (like) a corner which injures no one (with its sharpness).
He is straightforward, but allows himself no license; he is bright,
but does not dazzle.

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